South Sea Pearls Are A Rare Treasure
South Sea pearls are formed in the pinctada maxima pearl oyster. This is one big oyster, often the size of a dinner plate, and is the largest of the pearl oysters. The pearls are known for their large size and luster.
The colors of South Sea pearls are determined by the color of the host. They can be white, cream, silver, pink, gold or any combination of these colors and may include overtones of any color of the rainbow present in the oyster shell itself.
These oysters are sensitive to changes in their water temperature and environment and are harder to culture than smaller oysters. For this reason even cultured South Sea Pearls are more expensive. Saltwater pearl oysters are usually cultured in protected lagoons or volcanic atolls.
Australia, New Guinea, Burma, Indonesia, and the Philippines are the usual sources for South Sea pearls. South Sea pearls can be from 9mm to 20 mm in size, with average size being around 12mm.
We have all heard about pearl divers and indeed they were used in early pearl production in Australia. Aboriginal women were the first divers because they had large lung capacity enabling them to stay underwater for longer periods of time to retrieve oysters. In the early 1900's the process was mechanized by using air fed suits, allowing to divers to harvest many more oysters.
The first cultured South Sea pearls were also produced in Australia. The first farms were in the Broome region in 1956 and today almost 60% of South Sea cultured pearls are from Australia.
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